This fortune stick references the ancient states of Zheng and Wei during China's Spring and Autumn period (8th-5th centuries BCE). These kingdoms became notorious for their corrupt court culture and degenerate entertainment. The rulers prioritized shallow pleasures — crude music, vulgar performances, and moral decay — over good governance.
The poem specifically mentions their music because in ancient Chinese thought, music reflected a society's moral health. When court music became harsh and obscene, it signaled deeper corruption. Both states eventually collapsed, their territories absorbed by stronger neighbors.
The reference to 'ancient melodies' points to the ideal of classical Chinese music that promoted virtue and harmony. This isn't just about literal music — it's about how societies lose their way when they abandon timeless principles for trendy but ultimately destructive pursuits. The story serves as a warning about following popular culture when it contradicts enduring values.